Comprehensive AIoT Industrial Computer Terminology Guide
| Category | Keyword | Keyword Variations (Also Known As) | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| Android | ADB | Android Debug Bridge | A command-line tool that lets you communicate with a device. |
| AIoT | AI | Artificial Intelligence | The simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think like humans and mimic their actions. |
| I/O | AIO | Analog Input/Output | A type of I/O which sends or receives data that represents quantities as variables continuously. |
| AIoT | AIoT | Artificial Intelligence of Things | The combination of AI technologies with IoT infrastructure to achieve more efficient IoT operations, improve human-machine interactions and enhance data management and analytics. |
| Android | API | Application Programming Interface | A set of rules that allows programs to talk to each other. |
| Android | APK | Android Package | The package file format used by the Android operating system for distribution and installation of mobile apps and middleware. |
| Software | App | Application | A program or group of programs designed for end users. Examples include database programs, word processors, web browsers and spreadsheets. |
| Software | BIOS | Basic Input/Output System | A type of firmware used during the booting process (power-on startup) on IBM PC compatible computers. |
| Components | BL | Bootloader | A small program that loads the operating system into the computer's memory during the boot process. It initializes the hardware, performs basic system checks, and allows the user to select the operating system or configure system settings. |
| Hardware | Box PC | Compact PC, Mini PC | A type of PC characterized by its small size and lightweight design. These are often rugged and suitable for industrial applications. |
| Network | BT | Bluetooth | A wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances. |
| MDM | BYOD | Bring Your Own Device | A policy allowing employees to bring personally owned devices to their workplace, and to use those devices to access privileged company information and applications. |
| I/O | CAN bus | Controller Area Network | A robust vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other's applications without a host computer. |
| AIoT | Cloud Computing | The delivery of different services through the Internet, including data storage, servers, databases, networking, and software. | |
| Technology | CMS | Content Management System | A CMS (Content Management System) is a software application or platform that enables the creation, management, and publishing of digital content. It provides a user-friendly interface for content authors, editors, and administrators to collaborate, organize, and publish content on websites or other digital platforms. |
| Hardware | COM Module | Computer on Module, System on Module | A type of single-board computer that combines a processor, memory, and I/O interfaces into a single board that can serve as the core of an embedded system. |
| MDM | COPE | Corporate Owned, Personally Enabled | A business strategy in which an organization provides its employees with mobile computing devices and allows the employees to use them as if they were personally-owned notebook computers, tablets or smartphones. |
| Hardware | CPU | Central Processing Unit, Processor | The electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations. |
| Software | DCS | Distributed Control System | A control system for a process or plant, wherein controller elements are distributed throughout the system. |
| Software | Deadlock | A situation where a set of processes are blocked because each process is holding a resource and waiting for another resource acquired by some other process. | |
| AIoT | Deep Learning | An AI function that imitates the workings of the human brain in processing data for use in decision making. | |
| I/O | DIO | Digital Input/Output | A type of I/O which sends or receives data in the form of binary. |
| Services | DMS | Device Manufacturing Service | DMS (Device Manufacturing Service) refers to a service provided by a company or organization that offers end-to-end manufacturing solutions for electronic devices. This includes design, prototyping, production, testing, quality control, and logistics management. |
| Network | DNS | Domain Name System | The Internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP addresses. |
| I/O | DP | DisplayPort | A digital display interface developed by the Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA). |
| I/O | DVI | Digital Visual Interface | A video display interface developed by the Digital Display Working Group (DDWG). |
| AIoT | Edge Computing | A distributed computing paradigm which brings computation and data storage closer to the location where it is needed, to improve response times and save bandwidth. | |
| Technology | eDP | Embedded DisplayPort | eDP (Embedded DisplayPort) is a digital display interface standard designed for use in embedded systems and laptops. It provides high-speed, low-power, and high-resolution display connectivity. |
| Hardware | EEPROM | Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory | A type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices to store small amounts of data that must be saved when power is removed. |
| Hardware | Embedded System | Embedded Computing System | A dedicated computer system designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions as part of a larger system. |
| MDM | EMM | Enterprise Mobility Management | The set of people, processes, and technology focused on managing mobile devices, wireless networks, and other mobile computing services in a business context. |
| I/O | eSATA | External SATA | A computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. |
| Hardware | Fanless PC | Passive Cooling PC, Silent PC | A type of PC that doesn't use a traditional fan for cooling. Instead, it relies on passive cooling techniques. |
| AIoT | Fog Computing | A decentralized computing infrastructure in which data, compute, storage and applications are distributed in the most logical, efficient place between the data source and the cloud. | |
| Android | FOTA | Firmware Over-The-Air | A Mobile Software Management technology in which the operating firmware of a mobile device is wirelessly upgraded and updated by its manufacturer. |
| Software | FW | Firmware | A specific class of computer software that provides the low-level control for the device's specific hardware. |
| Android | GMS | Google Mobile Services | A collection of Google applications and APIs that help support functionality across devices. |
| Hardware | GPIO | General Purpose Input/Output | A generic pin on an integrated circuit whose behavior can be controlled by the user at runtime. |
| Hardware | GPU | Graphics Processing Unit | A specialized electronic circuit designed to rapidly manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display device. |
| Hardware | HDD | Hard Disk Drive | A data storage device used for storing and retrieving digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks coated with magnetic material. |
| I/O | HDMI | High-Definition Multimedia Interface | A proprietary audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant source device. |
| Software | HMI | Human-Machine Interface | Refers to the user interface in a manufacturing or process control system. It provides a graphical interface through which a human operator can interact with the machine or system. |
| Hardware | I/O | Input/Output | A module that provides inputs or outputs to a control system. Inputs are sensor signals interpreted by the module and outputs are signals sent to control a physical process. |
| I/O | I2C | Inter-Integrated Circuit | A bus that is used for communication between components on a circuit board. |
| Network | IDS | Intrusion Detection System | A device or software application that monitors a network or systems for malicious activity or policy violations. |
| AIoT | IoT | Internet of Things | The network of physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies for the purpose of connecting and exchanging data with other devices and systems over the Internet. |
| Hardware | IPC | Industrial Computer, Industrial PC | A computer designed for industrial applications, with a focus on durability and reliability. |
| Technology | ISP | Image Signal Processor | An ISP (Image Signal Processor) is a specialized hardware or software component that performs various tasks related to image and video processing. It processes raw image sensor data to enhance image quality, perform noise reduction, adjust exposure, apply color correction, and other image enhancements. |
| Software | Kernel | A computer program at the core of a computer's operating system with complete control over everything in the system. | |
| MDM | Kiosk Mode | A feature which allows the device to run a single app and users cannot leave the app. | |
| Network | LAN | Local Area Network | A computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building. |
| Technology | LVDS | Low Voltage Differential Signaling | LVDS (Low Voltage Differential Signaling) is a signaling standard used for high-speed data transmission between devices, particularly for displays. It offers low power consumption and noise immunity for reliable data transmission. |
| I/O | M.2 | A specification for internally mounted computer expansion cards and associated connectors. | |
| Network | MAC Address | Media Access Control Address | A unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for use as a network address in communications within a network segment. |
| AIoT | Machine Learning | ML | A type of artificial intelligence that allows software applications to become more accurate in predicting outcomes without being explicitly programmed. |
| MDM | MAM | Mobile Application Management | A type of security software used by an IT department to control and protect data of specific corporate apps. |
| Network | MAN | Metropolitan Area Network | A network that interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a large local area network (LAN) but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network (WAN). |
| Android | Manifest | AndroidManifest.xml | An XML file in an Android source tree that describes the nature of the application and each of its components. |
| MDM | MCM | Mobile Content Management | Solutions that enforce policies for accessing and distribution of corporate documents. |
| Software | Middleware | Software which lies between an operating system and the applications running on it. Essentially functioning as hidden translation layer. | |
| Technology | MIPI | MIPI (Mobile Industry Processor Interface) is a specification that defines interfaces between components in mobile devices. It is commonly used for connecting displays, cameras, and other peripherals to the system-on-chip (SoC) in mobile devices. | |
| MDM | Mobile Device Management | A type of security software used by an IT department to monitor, manage, and secure employees' mobile devices. | |
| I/O | Modbus | A serial communications protocol originally published by Modicon (now Schneider Electric) for use with its programmable logic controllers (PLCs). | |
| Hardware | Motherboard | Mainboard, Mobo, MB | The main printed circuit board (PCB) in a computer. It is the most 'central' part of a computer, where all the other components connect to. |
| Software | Multi-tasking | The concurrent execution of multiple tasks over a certain period of time. | |
| Software | Multi-threading | The ability of a central processing unit (CPU) or a single core in a multi-core processor to execute multiple processes or threads concurrently. | |
| Android | NDK | Native Development Kit | A toolset that allows developers to write portions of their apps using native-code languages such as C and C++. |
| AIoT | Neural Networks | A series of algorithms that endeavors to recognize underlying relationships in a set of data through a process that mimics the way the human brain operates. | |
| Android | OEM | Original Equipment Manufacturer | A company that produces hardware to be marketed under another company's brand name. |
| Software | OPC UA | OPC Unified Architecture | A machine to machine communication protocol for industrial automation. |
| Software | Operating System | OS | System software that manages computer hardware, software resources, and provides various services for computer programs. |
| Android | OTA | Over-The-Air | The standard method of distributing new software or firmware updates to mobile devices. |
| Hardware | Panel PC | All-In-One Industrial PC | A computer that incorporates its display and all of its computing components into a single unit. |
| I/O | PCI | Peripheral Component Interconnect | A local computer bus for attaching hardware devices in a computer. |
| I/O | PCI Express | PCIe | A high-speed serial computer expansion bus standard. |
| Hardware | Peripheral Device | Peripherals | Any auxiliary device such as a computer mouse or keyboard that connects to and works with the computer in some way. |
| Software | PLC | Programmable Logic Controller | An industrial digital computer that has been ruggedized and adapted for the control of manufacturing processes, such as assembly lines or robotic devices. |
| Hardware | Power Supply | PSU | An electrical device that provides electrical power to an electrical load. |
| Technology | Predictive Maintenance | Techniques used to help determine the condition of in-service equipment in order to predict when maintenance should be performed. | |
| I/O | PS/2 | Personal System/2 | A standard for IBM personal computers that is used for connecting a keyboard and mouse. |
| I/O | Pulse Width Modulation | PWM | A method of reducing the amount of power delivered to an electronic device by effectively chopping up the power into discrete parts. |
| Software | Race Condition | The condition of an electronics, software, or other system where the system's substantive behavior is dependent on the sequence or timing of other uncontrollable events. | |
| Hardware | Rackmount | Rack-Mounted, Rackmounting | Refers to the method of mounting hardware devices in a rack, which is a standard-sized housing for electronic equipment. |
| Hardware | RAM | Random Access Memory | A type of computer memory that can be read from and written to in any order. This is usually used to store working data and machine code. |
| Hardware | Real-time Clock | RTC | A computer clock that keeps track of the current time. |
| Technology | RJ11 | Registered Jack 11 | RJ11 (Registered Jack 11) is a standard connector used primarily for telephone lines. It features a 6-pin modular jack used for voice communication in residential and small office settings. |
| Technology | RJ45 | Registered Jack 45 | RJ45 (Registered Jack 45) is a standard connector commonly used for Ethernet networking. It features an 8-pin modular jack used for data transmission in computer networks, including local area networks (LANs) and internet connections. |
| Hardware | ROM | Read-Only Memory | A type of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified after the manufacture of the memory device. |
| I/O | RS-232 | Recommended Standard 232 | A standard for serial communication transmission of data, widely used in computers and peripheral equipment. |
| I/O | RS-485 | Recommended Standard 485 | A standard defining the electrical characteristics of drivers and receivers for use in serial communications systems. |
| Hardware | Ruggedized | Rugged, Industrial-Grade, Robust | Equipment that has been designed to operate reliably in harsh usage environments and conditions. |
| I/O | SATA | Serial ATA | A computer bus interface that connects host bus adapters to mass storage devices such as hard disk drives, optical drives, and solid-state drives. |
| Technology | SCEP | Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol | SCEP (Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol) is a communication protocol used for certificate management and enrollment in a public key infrastructure (PKI) environment. It enables secure and automated certificate issuance, renewal, and revocation for network devices, such as routers, switches, and IoT devices. |
| I/O | SCSI | Small Computer System Interface | A set of standards for physically connecting and transferring data between computers and peripheral devices. |
| I/O | SDIO | Secure Digital Input Output | An interface that extends the functionality of devices by using a standard SD card slot to give devices new capabilities. |
| Android | SDK | Software Development Kit | A set of software development tools that allows the creation of applications for a certain software package, software framework, hardware platform, computer system, video game console, operating system, or similar development platform. |
| Android | SELinux | Security-Enhanced Linux | A Linux feature that provides a mechanism for supporting access control security |
| I/O | Serial Communication | The method of transferring data one bit at a time, sequentially, over a communication channel or computer bus. | |
| I/O | Serial Peripheral Interface | SPI | A synchronous serial communication interface specification used for short-distance communication, primarily in embedded systems. |
| Hardware | Serial Port | RS-232, COM port | An interface that allows a PC to transmit or receive data one bit at a time. |
| Hardware | Single Board Computer | SBC | A complete computer built on a single circuit board, with microprocessor(s), memory, input/output (I/O) and other features required of a functional computer. |
| Network | SNMP | Simple Network Management Protocol | An Internet Standard protocol for collecting and organizing information about managed devices on IP networks. |
| Hardware | Solid-State Drive | SSD | A solid-state storage device that uses integrated circuit assemblies to store data persistently. |
| Hardware | Sound Card | Audio Card | An internal computer expansion card that facilitates the input and output of audio signals to/from a computer under control of computer programs. |
| Network | SSH | Secure Shell | A cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network. |
| Network | SSL | Secure Sockets Layer | A standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a server and a client. |
| Software | System Software | Includes operating systems, device drivers, diagnostic tools and more. System software is almost always pre-installed on your computer. | |
| I/O | Thunderbolt | Hardware interface developed by Intel, in collaboration with Apple, for connecting peripherals to a computer. | |
| Technology | TOPS | Tera Operations Per Second | TOPS (Tera Operations Per Second) is a measure of computing performance that represents the number of trillion floating-point operations a processor or graphics processing unit (GPU) can perform in one second. It is commonly used to evaluate the processing power and efficiency of CPUs and GPUs in various applications, including artificial intelligence, deep learning, and scientific computing. |
| Hardware | Touch Panel | Touchscreen | A type of display screen that has a touch-sensitive transparent panel covering the screen. |
| I/O | UART | Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter | A computer hardware device for asynchronous serial communication in which the data format and transmission speeds are configurable. |
| I/O | Universal Serial Bus | USB | An industry standard that establishes specifications for cables, connectors and protocols for connection, communication and power supply between personal computers and their peripheral devices. |
| Hardware | UPS | Uninterruptible Power Supply | An electrical apparatus that provides emergency power to a load when the input power source or mains power fails. |
| Hardware | USB | Universal Serial Bus | A standard that establishes specifications for cables and connectors and protocols for connection, communication and power supply. |
| Hardware | VESA Mount | A family of standards defined by the Video Electronics Standards Association for mounting flat panel monitors, TVs, and other displays. | |
| Network | VLAN | Virtual Local Area Network | A broadcast domain that is partitioned and isolated in a computer network at the data link layer (OSI layer 2). |
| Network | VPN | Virtual Private Network | A service that creates a private network from a public internet connection, providing more privacy and security. |
| Network | VPN Tunnel | A virtual point-to-point connection through which packets are sent from a particular VPN router or VPN gateway to another by encapsulating the packet inside a transport protocol. | |
| Network | WAN | Wide Area Network | A telecommunications network that extends over a large geographical area for the primary purpose of computer networking. |
| Hardware | Watchdog Timer | A computer hardware or software timer that triggers a system reset or other corrective action if the main program, due to some fault condition, such as a hang, neglects to regularly service the watchdog. | |
| Network | Wi-Fi | A family of wireless network protocols, based on the IEEE 802.11 family of standards, which are commonly used for local area networking of devices and Internet access. | |
| Network | Wireless LAN | WLAN | A wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication. |
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